Nitrofurantoin
Treatment for Urinary Tract Infection
Typical Dosage: 100mg twice daily or 50mg four times daily
Effectiveness
88%
Safety Score
70%
Clinical Trials
50
Participants
75K
Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)
Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
70
DangerousModerateSafe
Treatment Details
Dosage Range
100mg twice daily or 50mg four times daily
Time to Effect
1-2 days
Treatment Duration
3-7 days
Evidence Quality
HIGHNumber Needed to Treat (NNT)
3(Treat 3 patients to see 1 additional successful outcome)
Number Needed to Harm (NNH)
8(Treat 8 patients to see 1 additional serious adverse event)
Confidence Score
92%confidence in effectiveness data
Health Economics
Annual Cost of Care
Drug Cost:$15
Monitoring:$160
Side Effect Mgmt:$10
Total Annual:$185
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Cost-Effectiveness Rating
EXCELLENTQALYs Gained
0.005
Outcome-Based Costs
Cost per Responder
$205.56
Cost per Remission
$217.65
Prescription Access Economics
Annual Societal Loss per Patient
$-490
Cost of prescription-only barriers (visits, time, admin, price premium)
Physician Visit Cost
$120/year
Time Cost
$60/year
Travel + wait time
Insurance Admin Cost
$20/year
Prior auth, claims
Rx Price
$15/year
Potential OTC Price
$5/year
Estimated if OTC available
Early Treatment Benefit
+0.00 QALYs
From faster OTC access
Risk Assessment
Misuse Risk
MODERATEMissed Diagnosis Risk
MODERATENitrofurantoin Outcomes
for Urinary Tract Infection
Efficacy Outcomes
Overall Effectiveness
+88%
Response Rate
+90%
Remission Rate
+85%
Common Side Effects
Nausea
+15%
Headache
+10%
Diarrhea
+8%
Vaginitis
+5%
Sources:
Active Clinical Trials
5 active trials recruiting for Nitrofurantoin in Urinary Tract Infection
A Study to Investigate Pivmecillinam Versus Nitrofurantoin in Female Adolescents 12 to Less Than 18 Years of Age With Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection
NCT07871968NOT YET RECRUITINGPHASE2
100 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Dearborn Heights, United States
Started: Oct 24, 2026
Microbiome-Modulating Prophylaxis RCT: Antibiotic vs Gynoflor in Postmenopausal Women With Recurrent Cystitis
NCT07186465RECRUITINGPHASE4
100 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Bangkok, Thailand
Started: Sep 11, 2025
Urine Alkalinization for UTI in Women: RCT
NCT07202832NOT YET RECRUITINGNA
50 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Asyut, Egypt
Started: Oct 15, 2025
Gag Therapy for Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection Assessing Comparability to International Nitrofurantoin Gold Standard Study
NCT05652374RECRUITINGPHASE4
100 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Nijmegen, Netherlands +2 more
Started: Oct 20, 2022
Prophylactic Antibiotics for Outpatient Urethral Bulking
NCT07501065RECRUITINGPHASE4
150 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Miami, United States +1 more
Started: Aug 1, 2026
Completed Clinical Trials
10 completed trials for Nitrofurantoin in Urinary Tract Infection
Efficacy and Safety of Nitrofurantoin in the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections in Adults
NCT01092351COMPLETEDPHASE4
37 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Mexico City, Mexico
Started: Jan 1, 2007
Suppressive Therapy With Oral Antibiotics for Prevention of Postoperative Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
NCT01450800COMPLETEDPHASE4
163 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Durham, United States
Started: Aug 1, 2011
Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetic and Microbiological Investigation of GSK3882347 in Female Participants With Urinary Tract Infections
NCT05138822COMPLETEDPHASE1
140 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Anniston, United States +14 more
Started: May 18, 2022
Comparative Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Gepotidacin to Nitrofurantoin in Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
NCT04187144COMPLETEDPHASE3
1.61K participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Birmingham, United States +112 more
Started: Apr 23, 2020
A Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Gepotidacin in the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
NCT04020341COMPLETEDPHASE3
1.53K participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Birmingham, United States +102 more
Started: Oct 17, 2019
A Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety With Gepotidacin in Japanese Female Participants With Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection (Acute Cystitis)
NCT05630833COMPLETEDPHASE3
380 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Chiba, Japan +26 more
Started: Jan 11, 2023
Clinical Effectiveness and Bacteriological Eradication of 4 Short-course Antibiotics for Uncomplicated UTIs in Women.
NCT04959331COMPLETEDPHASE4
1K participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Calatayud, Spain +32 more
Started: Nov 2, 2021
Short Course Nitrofurantoin for Acute Cystitis
NCT00391651COMPLETEDPHASE2
338 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Seattle, United States
Started: Jan 1, 2002
Nitrofurantoin Administration for the Prevention of Short-Term Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection After Pelvic Surgery
NCT03287089COMPLETEDPHASE4
164 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Charlotte, United States
Started: Sep 29, 2017
A Randomized Trial of Preoperative Prophylactic Antibiotics Prior to Kidney Stone Surgery (Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy [PCNL])
NCT02384200COMPLETEDPHASE4
86 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Phoenix, United States +7 more
Started: Mar 1, 2015
Showing 20 of 53 total trials